Non-invasive Ventilation and Exogenous Surfactant in Times of Ever Decreasing Gestational Age: How Do We Make the Most of These Tools?

The evolution of neonatal practice is intimately linked to our treatment of one disease - respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).1-3 The evolution of the threshold of viability has necessitated a continual re-assessment of the application of well-studied and evidence-based treatments for this disease. Survival rates of extremely preterm neonates continue to improve,4,5 including for those born at 22-23 weeks’ gestational age (GA).6-8 However, rates of respiratory morbidity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remain unacceptably high, especially among these most immature, highest risk neonates (<28 weeks’ GA, and in particular <25 weeks’ GA).

source https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(22)00325-0/fulltext?rss=yes